发布人: 发布时间: 2020 - 08 - 10
JINRI,SHENGTAIHUANJINGBUFABULE《》(GONGGAO2020NIANDI36HAO)。BIANZHIZUZHUANJIAJIUGONGGAODEFABUBEIJINGHEZHUYAONEIRONGDENGJINXINGLEJIEDA。
问: 在生态环境部组织领导下,2012年至今,中国环境科学学会持续推动生态环境与健康素养提升(公告2020年第36号发布前称为“环境与健康素养”)工作。在此,请介绍一下《中国公民生态环境与健康素养》相关工作背景。
中国环境科学学会 朱忠军: 欧冠买球?;ど肪?、维护身体健康,既需要政府重视,也需要每个公民身体力行。动员公众力量来?;ど肪?、维护身体健康,也是最具普惠性、最有效率的措施。系统普及相关理念、知识、行为和技能,开展素养提升工作非常必要。
欧冠买球 2013NIAN9YUE,YUANHUANJINGBAOHUBUFABU《》,TICHUHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGGAINIAN,WEIRAOJIBENLINIAN、JIBENZHISHI、JIBENJINENGSANGEFANGMIANSHAIXUANCHU30TIAOGONGMINHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGNEIRONG。GONGGAOFABUHOU,YUANHUANJINGBAOHUBUKAIZHANLEXUANCHUANPUJIGONGZUO,2017NIAN6YUEFABULE《》。2018NIAN,SHENGTAIHUANJINGBUZUZHIWANCHENGLESHOUCIJUMINHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGDIAOCHA。2019NIAN7YUE,JUMINHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGTISHENGGONGZUONARU《JIANKANGZHONGGUOXINGDONG(2019—2030NIAN)》“JIANKANGHUANJINGCUJINXINGDONG”。
GENJU《JIANKANGZHONGGUOXINGDONG(2019—2030NIAN)》RENWUFENGONG,SHENGTAIHUANJINGBUZUZHIZHONGGUOHUANJINGKEXUEXUEHUI,JINGGUANGFANZHENGQIUSHEHUIGEJIEYIJIAN,ZAI2013NIANBANBENJICHUSHANGYANJIUXIUDINGXINGCHENG《ZHONGGUOGONGMINSHENGTAIHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANG》JIQISHIYI。BENCIXIUDING,KAOLVLISHIDEYANXUHEXIANSHIGONGZUOYONGYUDEBIANHUA,JIANG“HUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANG”XIUGAIWEI“SHENGTAIHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANG”,ZHIGONGMINRENSHIDAOSHENGTAIHUANJINGDEJIAZHIJIQIDUIJIANKANGDEYINGXIANG,LEJIESHENGTAIHUANJINGBAOHUYUJIANKANGFENGXIANFANGFANBIYAOZHISHI,JIANXINGLVSEJIANKANGSHENGHUOFANGSHI,BINGJUBEIYIDINGBAOHUSHENGTAIHUANJING、WEIHUZISHENJIANKANGDEXINGDONGNENGLI。
问: 《中国公民生态环境与健康素养》主要包含哪些内容?与2013版相比做了哪些修改,如何保障修订前后居民素养水平测评结果具有可比性?
中国环境科学学会 陈昱: 《中国公民生态环境与健康素养》设置了30个条目,其中: 基本理念7条,强调正确认知、科学理解环境与健康的关系,突出预防理念和责任意识;基本知识13条,涵盖空气、水、土壤、海洋、生物多样性、气候变化、辐射、噪声多个方面;基本行为和技能10条,包含绿色健康生活方式和行为,以及相关信息获取、理解、运用及应急、监督、维权等技能。
BENCIXIUDINGSHI,DUIYUANHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGDINGYIJINXINGLEDIAOZHENG,RENGRANBAOCHILINIAN、ZHISHI、XINGWEIHEJINENGDEJIBENGOUCHENG,QIANGDIAOZHIXINXINGHEYI。ZAIJIBENZHISHIZHONGXINZENGLEDUIHAIYANG、SHENGWUDUOYANGXING、QIHOUBIANHUADEGUANZHU,ZAIJIBENXINGWEIHEJINENGZHONGKUOCHONGLELVSEJIANKANGSHENGHUOFANGSHIHEXINGWEIYOUGUANNEIRONG。DANZONGTISHANG,《ZHONGGUOGONGMINSHENGTAIHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANG》ZHUYAOSHIDUI2013BANZHONGCUNZAIJIAOCHADENEIRONGJINXINGLEZHENGHE、ZHONGXINFENLEI,JINYIBUWANSHANLUOJIGUANXI,NEIHANHEZONGTIKUANGJIAYU2013NIANBANJIBENBAOCHIYIZHI,BAOZHENGLEGONGZUOLIANXUXINGYIJISUYANGCEPINGJIEGUODETONGZHIKEBIXING。
问: 2018年,生态环境部组织开展了我国首次居民环境与健康素养(现更名为“生态环境与健康素养”)调查,调查结果12.5%作为《健康中国行动(2019—2030年)》“居民环境与健康素养”的基线水平。这个调查是如何开展的,除12.5%外,还有什么发现吗?
中国环境科学学会 陈昱: 生态环境部于2018年组织完成了“首次中国居民环境与健康素养调查”。调查采取多阶段整群随机抽样,覆盖15?。ㄇ?、市)的90个县/区、180个村/居委会,对我国15~69岁42015名常住居民进行了问卷调查,回收有效问卷41404份。调查主要结果如下:
YISHI2018NIANWOGUOJUMINHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGDEZONGTISHUIPINGWEI12.5%。YEJIUSHISHUO,PINGJUNMEI100GE15~69SUIDERENQUNZHONG,BUZU13RENJUBEILEJIBENDEHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANG。
欧冠买球 ERSHIBUTONGQUNTIJIANCHAYIMINGXIAN。CHENGSHIJUMINHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGSHUIPINGXIANZHUGAOYUNONGCUNJUMIN,FENBIESHI16.9%HE8.1%;NANXINGJUMINSUYANGSHUIPINGGAOYUNVXING,FENBIEWEI13.9%HE10.9%;20~29SUIRENQUNHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGSHUIPINGZUIGAO,WEI18.3%。ZAICHENGXIANG、BUTONGXINGBIEHEBUTONGNIANLINGRENQUNZHONG,SUYANGSHUIPINGSUIWENHUACHENGDUZENGGAOERMINGXIANSHENGGAO。
SANSHIKEXUEZHISHISUYANGSHUIPINGDISHISUYANGSHUIPINGTISHENGGONGZUOZHONGXUYAOZHONGDIANGUANZHUDEWENTI。CONGFENLEISUYANGKAN,WOGUOJUMINHUANJINGYUJIANKANGJIBENLINIAN、JIBENZHISHIHEJIBENJINENGSUYANGFENBIEWEI25.3%、5.8%HE25.4%,JIBENZHISHISUYANGSHUIPINGYUANDIYUJIBENLINIANHEJIBENJINENG,KEXUEZHISHISUYANGSHUIPINGDIDEWENTIYOUWEITUCHU。
问: 欧冠买球根据《健康中国行动(2019—2030)》行动目标,2022年和2030年我国居民生态环境与健康素养水平要分别达到15%及以上和25%及以上。下一步,在提升居民素养方面会有哪些行动?
中国环境科学学会 朱忠军: 欧冠买球从调查结果看,以下几个方面需要关注:
YISHIXUYAOJINYIBUZHULAOJIBENLINIAN。DIAOCHAZHONGYOUXIEWENTIJINGUANZHENGQUEHUIDALVBIJIAOGAO,DANYEZHIDEGUANZHU。BIRU,DUI“LIANGHAODEHUANJINGSHISHENGCUNDEJICHU、JIANKANGDEBAOZHANG”DENGWENTIDEZHENGQUEHUIDALVJIAOGAO(ZHENGQUEHUIDALVJIEJIN80%),ZHEISHIBIJIAOHAODE,DANYEYOUJIN20%DESHOUFANGDUIXIANGBUNENGZHENGQUERENSHIHUANJINGYUJIANKANGDEJIBENGUANXI,LIYINGSUOYOURENDOUJUBEIZHEIXIEZUIZUIJICHUDERENZHI,JIBENLINIANRENGXUJIAQIANG。
欧冠买球 ERSHIXUYAOJIAQIANGJIBENZHISHIFANGMIANDECHUANBO。KONGQI、SHUI、TURANG、ZAOSHENG、FUSHEDENGZHONGDUOYINSUSHIRICHANGSHENGHUOZHONGYAOMIANDUIHEGUANZHUDEWENTI,YIYOUDIAOCHANEIRONGDOUYOUSUOSHEJI。JINGUANWENTIBUNAN,DANYAOLEJIERUCIDUODEXIANGGUANKEXUEZHISHI,QUESHIBURONGYI。SHENGTAIHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGHAISHIGEXINDELINGYU,WEIRAOHUANJINGYUJIANKANGHUATI,HAIBIXUJINYIBUJIAQIANGKEPUXUANCHUAN、ZUOHAOGOUTONGDUIHUA。
SANSHIZAIGENIANLINGDUANRENQUN,15~19SUIJUMINJIBENZHISHIFENLEISUYANGSHUIPINGZHONGZUIDI,JIN2.2%。ZHEIYIRENQUNJUEDADUOSHUWEIZAIXIAOQINGSHAONIAN,BUNENGHUSHIQINGSHAONIANLVSEJIANKANGSHENGHUOFANGSHIDEYANGCHENG,HAIYINGJIAQIANGDUIFENGXIAN、BAOLUDENGJICHUKEXUEGAINIAN、JIBENKEXUEZHISHIDELIJIE,YILAOGUSHULIBAOHUHUANJING、WEIHUJIANKANGDELINIAN。
欧冠买球 SISHINONGCUNJUMINDEHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGSHUIPINGJIAODI,DUIGEXIANGWENTIDEZHENGQUEHUIDALVYEXIANZHUDIYUCHENGSHIJUMIN,ZHEIYURENQUNSHOUJIAOYUCHENGDU、JINGJIFAZHANSHUIPING、DUIHUANJINGWENTIDEGUANZHUDU、XUANCHUANPUJIFUGAICHENGDUDENGYOUGUAN,KAIZHANSUYANGTISHENGGONGZUOYINGNULIZOUJINXIANGCUN、SHENRUCUNJU。
WEIZUOHAOSUYANGTISHENGGONGZUO,SHENGTAIHUANJINGBUZUZHIZHONGGUOHUANJINGKEXUEXUEHUI,GENJU2018NIANDIAOCHAFAXIAN,QICAOLE《JUMINSHENGTAIHUANJINGYUJIANKANGSUYANGTISHENGXINGDONGFANGAN(2020—2022NIAN)》,TICHULE“JIANLISUYANGTISHENGGONGZUOTIXI”“JIAQIANGSUYANGKEPUNENGLIOUGUANMAIQIU”“CHUANBOPUJIZHISHI、XINGWEIHEJINENG”“KAIZHANSHENGTAIHUANJINGJIANKANGFENGXIANGOUTONG”“DALITISHENGNONGCUNJUMINSUYANG”“GUANZHUTISHENGQINGSHAONIANSUYANG”“JIANLIJIANCEPINGGUXITONG” 7XIANGXINGDONG。GAIFANGANXIANYIYINFAQUANGUOSHENGTAIHUANJINGXITONGZUZHISHISHI。
问: 公众对环境与健康问题日益关注,《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》提出要“建立环境健康风险沟通机制”的要求。提升居民生态环境与健康素养对于建立环境健康风险沟通机制有什么作用吗?
中国环境科学学会 朱忠军: 欧冠买球促进公众理性认识环境与健康的关系,提高风险欧冠买球效率和公共事件应对能力,是开展“素养”提升工作的重要目的。已有调查结果显示,调查对象对风险、暴露等有关基础科学知识的正确回答率比较低。如果公众普遍掌握了这些有助于正确判断环境与健康问题的基础科学知识,将有助于提升风险沟通的效率,有利于澄清并避免谣言传播、化解邻避效应等环境有关社会问题。
欧冠买球 DUIFENGXIAN、BAOLUDENGZHISHIDEZHANGWO,SHILIJIEBINGCAIQUCUOSHIFANGFANHUANJINGYUJIANKANGWENTIDEJICHU。BIRUSHUOBAOLU,MEIYOUJIECHUJIUMEIYOUSHANGHAI,SHOUDAOYINGXIANGDEDAXIAOHEBAOLUSHIJIAN、BAOLULIANGXIANGGUAN;LINGWAI,FENGXIANSHISHIKEKEYUOUGUANMAIQIUXIANGBAN、SHEIYEDUOBUKAI,ZHINENGJINLIANGJIANGFENGXIANKONGZHIZAIXIANGDUIANQUANDEFANWEINEI,ERXIANGDUIANQUANJIUSHIKEJIESHOUDEFENGXIAN;FENGXIANBUKEPA,GUANJIANSHIRUHELIJIEFENGXIAN、RUHEFANGFANFENGXIAN,SHIZHIDUIJIANKANGDEYINGXIANGCHUYUKEJIESHOUSHUIPING。XIAYIBU,XUYAOJIEHECHANGJIANREDIANWENTI,CAIQUGONGZHONGYIYULIJIE、JIESHOUHECANYUDEFANGSHIJIAQIANGHUANJINGJIANKANGFENGXIANGOUTONGGONGZUO,YINDAODUIFENGXIANYINSUDELIXINGRENSHI、TISHENGFENGXIANFANGFANYISHIHENENGLI。
欧冠买球
WANGZHANBIAOSHIMA:1403000042